> For the complete documentation index, see [llms.txt](https://docs.navigaglobal.com/circulation-user-manual/llms.txt). Markdown versions of documentation pages are available by appending `.md` to page URLs; this page is available as [Markdown](https://docs.navigaglobal.com/circulation-user-manual/13-appendix-a-glossary/m-o.md).

# M-O

<table><thead><tr><th width="150">Term</th><th width="534.4285714285713">Definition</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>Mail Label</td><td>Labels printed by Circulation that are applied to newspapers for mailing purposes.</td></tr><tr><td>Marginal Subscriber</td><td>Has been actively receiving the newspaper for less than one year or has had a permanent stop of more than 30 days.</td></tr><tr><td>Marketing Term</td><td>A promotional rate that has a fixed term.</td></tr><tr><td>Memo Bill</td><td>A “dummy” invoice printed for customer convenience. It is so called because no database entry is made in the general ledger or accounts receivable.</td></tr><tr><td>Memory</td><td>Where a computer temporarily stores information while processing it. Also known as random access memory (RAM). Not to be confused with disk space. See Disk Space, Hard Disk.</td></tr><tr><td>Menu</td><td>A table of contents in a software program that allows users to choose program options.</td></tr><tr><td>Merchandise Code</td><td>A code that represents promotional merchandise awarded to subscribers who start or change their delivery schedule.</td></tr><tr><td>Miscellaneous Charge/Credit</td><td>A charge or credit that is irregular. For example, a carrier who is shorted may be given a miscellaneous credit.</td></tr><tr><td>Mix</td><td>A set of insert combinations (packages) distributed by a publishing run (advanced or regular). One mix will contain one or more packages.</td></tr><tr><td>Modify</td><td>To change the information contained in a record. See Update.</td></tr><tr><td>Motor Route</td><td>A carrier or home delivery route that is delivered by car. See Carrier. Also, a distribution method in which the circulation figures are included in paid circulation totals for AAM reporting purposes.</td></tr><tr><td>Multi-menu</td><td>A menu similar to a pop-up menu, but which pops up within a software program for the selection of one or more options.</td></tr><tr><td>Natural Churn</td><td>Churn that reflects “uncontrollable” market factors for permanent stops, such as difficult economic conditions, people moving out of the market or people dying. See also Controllable Churn, Churn.</td></tr><tr><td>Newsletter</td><td>A short communication, such as a sports newsletter or a weather alert, sent to subscribers who have opted in. Circulation can store newsletter preferences.</td></tr><tr><td>NFS Payment</td><td>A “non-sufficient funds” payment; i.e., a bounced check.</td></tr><tr><td>Office</td><td>A distribution method in which the circulation figures are included in the unpaid circulation totals for AAM reporting purposes.</td></tr><tr><td>Office Pay</td><td>A subscription for which the subscriber pays the newspaper office. A carrier whose subscribers are all office pay is an office pay carrier.</td></tr><tr><td>Office Pay Credit</td><td>Credit a carrier receives when the subscriber pays the newspaper (rather than the carrier directly). The office pay credit is the delivery credit minus the draw charge.</td></tr><tr><td>Online</td><td>Directly connected to the computer system. This also refers to activities performed by using the computer, as opposed to by some other means.</td></tr><tr><td>Operating System</td><td>Software that controls the computer’s operations, including the way it accepts data and manages peripheral devices such as printers and tape drives.</td></tr><tr><td>Option</td><td>Another word for program. Also, one of a group of selections available on a menu.</td></tr></tbody></table>